Crystal Cells
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Curtis, Lersten, and Nowak 2002 rev. 2015
Cycas
(cycad) leaf cross section.
Cycas
(cycad) leaf cross section with secondary walls and crystals bright with polarized light.
Ginkgo
leaf druse.
Sequoiadendron
(giant sequoia) druse crystal (SEM).
Pine (
Pinus
) stem longisection with crystals.
Pine (
Pinus
) stem longisection with crystals under polarized light.
Aristolochia
(pipe-vine) stem cross section with sclerenchyma and crystal sand.
Aristolochia
(pipe-vine) stem with sclerenchyma (red) and crystal sand under polarized light.
Ornithogalum
(star-of-Bethlehem) stem cross section with raphide packet and sclereids.
Ornithogalum
(star-of-Bethlehem) fruit with raphide packets.
Raphide packet in
Ornithogalum
(star-of-Bethlehem) fruit.
Ornithogalum
(star-of-Bethlehem) raphides.
Ornithogalum
(star-of-Bethlehem) raphides under polarized light.
Dracaena
stem with crystal sand cells.
Dracaena
stem with crystal sand cells under polarized light.
Dracaena
stem with styloid.
Dracaena
stem with styloid under polarized light.
Corallorhiza
(coralroot) raphides.
Corallorhiza
(coralroot) raphides under polarized light.
Caladium
(elephant-ear) leaf clearing with cystolith in lithocyst and laticifer [tongue twister] above minor vein.
Caesalpinia
leaf crystal cells (SEM).
